Hike Through the Grand Canyon in Just 4 Days

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In the depths of the Grand Canyon lies a place a beauty that most don’t know about: Havasupai. The Havasupai people who reside there are known as the “people of the blue-green water,” and have been maintaining this secret mythical place for many years, but have permitted visitors to come and experience the magic of the falls and river.

It’s not easy to obtain a permit to visit, as the waiting list is rather lengthy. It’s also not easy to hike down into (and back out of) Havasupai. The lush oasis of blue-green water is sacred to the Havasupai and they believe that it not only flows through the land but through each tribal member. A visit to the Havasupai is an unforgettable visit to their land, their home, and their place of origin.
DAY 1 – DEPART PHOENIX FOR THE GRAND CANYON



The drive from Phoenix to the trailhead takes approximately five hours. Starting at 5,200 feet, the trail begins with a series of switchbacks. Eventually, hikers reach a dry streambed where the trail begins to level out. This is a good time to have lunch and explore the canyon walls, which appear to grow around you as you descend deeper into the maze of red sandstone.

By mile 8 of the hike today, the canyon begins to widen and the lush vegetation will become more present as you enter the village of Supai, the most remote village in the United States. After a quick stop to refill water or grab a snack from the small grocery store, continue past the village where you will pass the 50-foot New Navajo Falls, the 35-foot Rock Falls (Little Navajo Falls), and the 100-foot Havasu Falls. From Havasu Falls, base camp is just around the corner at an elevation of 2,800 feet. Once at camp, set up your tents, unpack your gear, and have some dinner while making sure to rest up for the next day of hiking.

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Total hiking distance today: approximately 10 miles.
DAY 2 – MOONEY AND BEAVER FALLS



Wake up bright and early to get a head start on the day. After breakfast, begin your adventure by crossing tropical blue streams and wading through lush meadows of wild grapevines as you make your way to Mooney and Beaver Falls, the last waterfalls in the chain of five major waterfalls in Havasu Canyon. The hike to Mooney Falls is difficult and requires you to crouch through a cave and scale the side of a canyon wall using a rope-and-ladder system that has been installed (this can be tricky for those with fears of heights but well worth it once accomplished).

Once you’ve reached Mooney, continue on to Beaver Falls so as to not lose the light of the day. Since you will be returning back to camp the same way you left, there will be time on the return to spend time at Mooney. The hike to Beaver Falls takes you through several river crossings and can be a bit much at times getting through the wild vines, but once you reach beautiful Beaver Falls, it will all be worth the pain and scratches. Spend some time exploring Beaver Falls, have lunch and hike back toward Mooney Falls where that uphill climb up the side of the canyon wall will be waiting for you. Return to camp and celebrate another victorious day of hiking and picture taking.

Total hiking distance today: approximately 9 miles.
DAY 3 – CARBONATE CANYON, HAVASU FALLS & THE NEW WATERFALLS
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Today’s hike will take you up to Carbonate Canyon to look for some fossils and explore the area. Afterward, return to Havasu Falls near camp to swim and relax for a bit. After lunch, hike out to see two new waterfalls as well as an extinct one. Over at Rock Falls, jump through the sheet of water behind the falls, and at the 50-foot New Navajo Falls, enjoy the emerald pools. On the way back to camp, climb and explore the dry bones of old Navajo Falls, then head back to camp for the last night.

Total hiking distance today: approximately 6 miles
DAY 4 – RETURN TO PHOENIX



It’s almost over—although there still is an epic uphill hike left to accomplish. Pack up and leave camp as early as possible to avoid the afternoon sun during the 2,400-foot elevation gain on the hike back to the rim. Take your time and make your way to those initial switchbacks that didn’t seem so intense going down. But really when you keep a steady pace, they are manageable. Once you reach the top of the rim, celebrate your hike and take a few moments to enjoy the views before you load up and head back to Phoenix.

Total hiking distance today: approximately 10 miles.
TRUSTED TOUR GUIDES

Using a trusted tour company to get you down and into Havasupai is highly recommended and not only for safety reasons. Guides are trained, know the land, and can take you to all of the five falls using the correct paths. In addition, they know all sorts of secret spots and can tell you which cliffs are safe to jump off of and which waterfalls have hidden underwater caves to explore.

Also, going with a guide company means that your tents and camping gear are all transported both down and back up for you, and meals are also provided. Arizona Outback Adventures has been the premier adventure tour company in the southwestern U.S. since 1997 and are experts in Havasupai. REO Adventures also runs excellent tours and has various packages, including family-friendly options down into Havasupai.

Plan Your Trip: Visit Fodor’s Grand Canyon Guide


Photo Credits: David Duran

Be Like Barack: Holiday in Martha’s Vineyard for Presidential-Level Respite

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Want to vacation like a president? Take a hint from the Obamas, who’ve made Martha’s Vineyard their annual retreat.

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Though it’s made up of six different towns each with a distinct vibe, the island of Martha’s Vineyard offers a distinctly quaint respite with its dramatic coastlines and bucolic scenery including sheep farms, rolling hills, and clay cliffs. The ports brim with activity—take boat tours and sailing trips through the sound or buy seafood fresh from the Atlantic. Martha’s Vineyard serves up a perfect balance of tranquil repose and wholesome activities to help you unwind from even the most stressful of jobs—after all, the Obamas just keep coming back year after year.

Lodging can get a little pricey in the summer months—the average for a week on Chilmark was about $2,900 for a two-bedroom cottage and can rise as high as $20,000 for a four-bedroom beachfront property—but go in the fall or spring for reduced property prices (and crowds!).

For more on renting in Martha’s Vineyard, visit Boston.com.

Plan Your Trip: Visit Fodors Guide to Martha’s Vineyard.

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Photo Credit: Getty Images

Six recommended Paris restaurants which specialise in traditional French food

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We got together with The Parisians’ Guide to Cafés, Bars and Restaurants, the unique new guide to eating and drinking in the French capital, to find six of the best traditional French restaurants.
Le P’tit Troquet



This small, charming and restful two-room restaurant, not far from the Eiffel Tower, feels rather like an extended living room. It specialises in top-class, traditional French food, and prides itself on value for money and service.


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The food is a wonderful galaxy of flavours. The delicious starters include home-made foie gras with fig chutney, and rolled marinated salmon with dill, cheese, and horseradish cream sauce. Main courses offer outstanding dishes such as the traditional boeuf bourguignon (beef stewed in red wine sauce); leg of lamb kebab marinated with thyme and rosemary, in a meat jus; and baked cod and ratatouille with olive oil and chorizo.

The scrumptious desserts feature chocolate and praline tartlet served with white chocolate ice cream; strawberry délice and chopped pink biscuits; and panna cotta with coconut milk and candied pineapple.

You can eat à la carte, or opt for the three-course evening menu, which is very reasonably priced at €35. The lunch menu is a giveaway €23 for three courses, or €16 for two. That’s great value for such culinary heights.

The restaurant is a short walk from the Eiffel Tower. So you can pop along to see the iron dame sparkle for five minutes, as she does rather spectacularly on the hour, every hour at night. It’s a lovely way to cap off the evening. Given the popularity of the restaurant, it’s a good idea to make a reservation.

Review by: Eddie Lennon

Read also:
Six recommended Paris restaurants, bars and cafés
Ten Paris bars and cafés only locals know about
L’Annexe



Just minutes from the steps of Montmartre’s Sacré-Coeur cathedral, in an area known for tourist trap restaurants offering bland cuisine at elevated prices, l’Annexe is a breath of fresh air.
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The décor is simple and cosy, with mahogany brown tables and soft lighting. Service is friendly and fast. The emphasis is on fine French cuisine, with a twist. Expect quality cuts of meat, and creative side dishes such as courgette tagliatelle and red pepper purée. Whilst the main courses are mostly meat-based, there are always one or two fish or vegetarian options available. Be sure to save room for one of their delectable desserts.

A three-course menu without wine will set you back €35 (or €27 for two courses), which is reasonable considering the area and quality of the food. For a romantic yet informal restaurant in one of Paris’s most charming neighbourhoods, look no further.

Review by: Naomi Firsht/Eddie Lennon
Chez Paul



Chez Paul is a Bastille culinary gem, serving up outstanding classic French cuisine at affordable prices. Signature starters include escargot cooked in parsley and butter. Our favourite main course is the exceptional steak au poivre (steak with peppercorn sauce), cooked in brandy, with dauphinoise potatoes, just €19.50. You will search long and hard in Paris for a pepper steak as good, and so competitively priced, as this. The duck, cooked with apple and garlic, is also excellent value, at just under €20.

If you have room for dessert we recommend the crème brûlée with vanilla and bourbon, or the house speciality: pear in spiced wine and vanilla.

Inside, the dark wood bar, mustard-coloured walls covered in an eclectic range of pictures, and burgundy banquettes immerse diners in an authentic and traditional French bistro setting. Service is brisk and pleasant.

The only downside is that on busy nights you can find yourself elbow-to-elbow with other diners. To avoid the crowds, book in advance, and ask for a private table inside. Or go on a week night, when it’s less busy.

Review by: Eddie Lennon/Naomi Firsht
La Jacobine



This warm, romantic restaurant is hidden away in the cobble-stoned, covered passageway Cour de Commerce Saint-André. Lit with antique lanterns, the passageway connects Boulevard Saint-Michel and Rue Saint-André-des-Arts in the Latin Quarter. A pretty white wooden façade and classic sign give way to a simple but cosy interior, and old French drawings in soft pastel colours adorn the walls. The service is friendly, the cuisine entirely French.

The food is delicious, and there’s an abundance of options. Try the confit de canard des landes, a French duck specialty; or opt for the chicken tagine, beef casserole with olives, or lamb casserole with figs and prunes (all under €20). Dishes, in typical French style, are all served with potatoes (mashed or baked) and vegetables. A selection of salades gourmandes is available for €16 to €18 per dish, and there is a seriously good wine list.

For dessert we recommend the apple crumble, which rests teasingly on display near the entrance. They serve up a good café gourmand, too–coffee with a small selection of sugary treats. The clientele is mostly middle-aged couples and groups enjoying a good dinner in a pleasant, relaxed setting.

Review by: Jeroen Knippenberg/Eddie Lennon/Naomi Firsht

Ten Paris bars and cafés only locals know about

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Few cities do quirky and unusual bars and cafés like Paris does. These charming places are known to the locals, for the most part, something which adds considerably to their allure. Both their décor and atmosphere celebrate the true eccentric charm that lies beneath Paris’ polished surface.
Andy Wahloo



Imagine the perfect drinks terrace. Does it consist of a beautiful, tree-lined interior courtyard, a swinging love seat and more eye candy than you can handle?


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If so, head immediately to Andy Wahloo, one of the city’s sexiest little secrets. After locating this quiet, cobblestoned road on the edge of Le Marais, you’ll be wondering whether you’ve got the right address. But once through the charming archway to the leafy courtyard, you’ll be pleased you managed to locate this little piece of Parisian heaven.

The interior will not disappoint. With a spectacular décor inspired by 1970s Morocco, oriental touches and kitsch objects happily coexist, as do poseur party people from all over the world.

If you’re on a budget, head there early between 6pm and 8pm and enjoy the cocktail du jour for only €5. Or stick with wine: a couple of €5 glasses will keep you happy while the nightly DJ spins a mix of electro, house, disco and funk. Just don’t expect to sip wine outside after midnight; like all nightspots set in charming old Parisian buildings, one must respect the neighbours and take the party inside.

ReJav censored girl big tits 11viewed by: Mel Dark/Eddie Lennon

How Dangerous People Get Their Guns

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Guns that are misused tend to be obtained by transactions that violate federal or state law.


Tashfeen Malik, left, and Syed Farook, who killed and injured dozens of people in San Bernardino, obtained guns for the attack via a neighbor.
By The ConversationJan. 5, 2016, at 2:49 p.m.+ More





The San Bernardino massacre is unique in several respects, but it does bring into focus an important issue with broad relevance: how do dangerous people obtain guns, and what should the police and courts be doing to make those transactions more difficult?

The shooters – Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik – utilized several guns in their attack on Farook’s coworkers during a holiday party in November that killed 14 and injured 22. In addition to two pistols, this husband-wife team had two military-style rifles that were purchased by a friend and neighbor, Enrique Marquez Jr.

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It appears that Farook relied on Marquez because he doubted that he could pass the background check that gun dealers are required to conduct on all buyers. Marquez has now been charged with several crimes, including making a “straw purchase” – that is, he swore to the dealer that he was buying the guns for his own use, but in fact he was acting on behalf of Farook.



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How does this terrorist attack relate to the more routine gun violence that afflicts many American neighborhoods? Criminal assaults with guns kill 30 Americans every day, and injure another 170.

The guns carried and misused by youths, gang members and active criminals are more likely than not obtained by transactions that violate federal or state law. Unlike in the case of Enrique Marquez, it is rare for the people who provide these guns to the eventual shooters to face any legal consequences.

How can this illicit market be policed more effectively?

Undocumented and Unregulated Transactions

When asked where and how they acquired their most recent firearm, about 60 percent of a cross-section of American gun owners reported buying it from a gun store, where the clerk would have conducted a background check and documented the transfer in a permanent record required by federal law. (The other 40 percent received it as a gift or acquired it in a private transaction that in most cases was legal.)

But while a majority of owners obtain their guns in transactions that are documented and for the most part legal, the same is not true for criminals.

A transaction can be illegal for several reasons, but of particular interest are transactions that involve disqualified individuals – those banned from purchase or possession due to criminal record, age, adjudicated mental illness, illegal alien status or some other reason. Convicted felons, teenagers and other people who are legally barred from possession would ordinarily be blocked from purchasing a gun from a gun store, because they would fail the background check or lack the permit or license required by some states.

Anyone providing the gun in such transactions would be culpable if they had reason to know that the buyer was disqualified, if they were acting as a straw purchaser or if they violated state regulations pertaining to such private transactions.
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The importance of the informal (undocumented) market in supplying criminals is suggested by the results of inmate surveys and data gleaned from guns confiscated by the police. A national survey of inmates of state prisons found that just 10 percent of youthful (age 18-40) male respondents who admitted to having a gun at the time of their arrest had obtained it from a gun store. The other 90 percent obtained them through a variety of off-the-book means: for example, as gifts or sharing arrangements with fellow gang members.

Similarly, an ongoing study of how Chicago gang members get their guns has found that only a trivial percentage obtained them by direct purchase from a store. To the extent that gun dealers are implicated in supplying dangerous people, it is more so by accommodating straw purchasers and traffickers than in selling directly to customers they know to be disqualified.

The Supply Chain of Guns to Crime

While criminals typically do not buy their guns at a store, all but a tiny fraction of the guns in circulation in the United States are first sold at retail by a gun dealer – including the guns that eventually end up in the hands of criminals.

That first retail sale was most likely legal, in that the clerk followed federal and state requirements for documentation, a background check and record-keeping. While there are scofflaw dealers who sometimes make under-the-counter deals, that is by no means the norm.

If a gun ends up in criminal use, it is usually after several more transactions. The average age of guns taken from Chicago gangs is over 11 years.

The gun at that point has been diverted from legal commerce. In this respect, the supply chain for guns is similar to the supply chain for other products that have a large legal market but are subject to diversion.




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In the case of guns, diversion from licit possession and exchange can occur in a variety of ways: theft, purchase at a gun show by an interstate trafficker, private sales where no questions are asked, straw purchases by girlfriends and so forth.

What appears to be true is that there are few big operators in this domain. The typical trafficker or underground broker is not making a living that way, but rather just making a few dollars on the side. The supply chain for guns used in crime bears little relationship to the supply chain for heroin or cocaine and is much more akin to the supply chain for cigarettes and beer that are diverted to underage teenagers.

There have been few attempts to estimate the scope or scale of the underground market, in part because it is not at all clear what types of transactions should be included in that market. But for the sake of having some order-of-magnitude estimate, suppose we just focus on the number of transactions each year that supply the guns actually used in robbery or assault.

There are about 500,000 violent crimes committed with a gun each year. If the average number of times that an offender commits a robbery or assault with a particular gun is twice, then (assuming patterns of criminal gun use remain constant) the total number of transactions of concern is 250,000 per year.

Actually no one knows the average number of times a specific gun is used by an offender who uses it at least once. If it is more than twice, then there are even fewer relevant transactions.

That compares with total sales volume by licensed dealers, which is upwards of 20 million per year.

All in the Family

So how do gang members, violent criminals, underage youths and other dangerous people get their guns?

A consistent answer emerges from the inmate surveys and from ethnographic studies. Whether guns that end up being used in crime are purchased, swapped, borrowed, shared or stolen, the most likely source is someone known to the offender, an acquaintance or family member. That Farook’s friend and neighbor was the source of two of his guns is quite typical, despite the unique circumstances otherwise.



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Also important are “street” sources, such as gang members and drug dealers, which may also entail a prior relationship. Thus, social networks are playing an important role in facilitating transactions, and an individual (such as a gang member) who tends to hang out with people who have guns will find it relatively easy to obtain one.

Effective policing of the underground gun market could help to separate guns from everyday violent crime. Currently it is rare for those who provide guns to offenders to face any legal consequences, and changing that situation will require additional resources directed to a proactive enforcement directed at penetrating the social networks of gun offenders.

Needless to say, that effort is not cheap or easy and requires that both the police and the courts have the necessary authority and give this sort of gun enforcement high priority.

It appears that the extraordinarily intense investigation of the San Bernardino shootings has succeeded in identifying the individual in Farook’s social network who provided him with the assault weapons. The fact that Enrique Marquez is likely to pay a price may help discourage such perverse neighborliness in the future.

This article was written by Philip Cook, professor of public policy studies, Duke University, for The Conversation. It is republished here with permission.

Cool Kids Can Curb Bullying, Study Finds

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Schools experienced a 30 percent decrease in bullying if their most social students took a stand.


Educating a school's most popular students about bullying can have a significant impact on its conflict rates.
By Lauren CameraJan. 5, 2016, at 3:11 p.m.+ More





Schools may have more success curbing incidents of bullying if their most social students take an anti-bullying stance as opposed to teachers and administrators setting blanket rules and regulations against it.

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That’s the new finding from a group of researchers from Princeton University, Rutgers University and Yale University whose study shows that when students are the ones to take a stand against bullying – as opposed to adults in the school – it's significantly more impactful.

Over the course of the 2012-2013 school year, 56 New Jersey middle schools that armed their most influential students with social media training and various bullying awareness gear, like bright-colored wrist bands, saw a 30 percent reduction in student conflict reports.


[READ: Study Warns of Looming Mental Health Crisis for Black College Students]


Notably, the greatest drop in conflict was observed among the schools with the highest proportion of social influencers, supporting the researchers' hypothesis that these students exert an outsized influence over school climate.




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To identify the most influential students, the researchers distributed a survey to about 24,000 students enrolled at all schools. The survey asked them to nominate the top 10 students at their school who they chose to spend time with, either in or outside of school, or face to face or online. Using these data, the researchers then mapped each school's social networks.

A representative sample of 22 to 30 students in the intervention schools was invited to participate in the anti-bullying program. More than half showed up to the monthly training meetings, where researchers provided students with templates for campaign materials that they were able to customize and training on how to deal with student conflict.

Throughout the year, the students launched various anti-bullying campaigns, including one that involved them posting photos to Instagram using the hashtag "#iRespect," and another during which they gifted brightly colored rubber wrist bands to students they saw intervening in a conflict.

“Our program shows that you don't need to use a blanket treatment to reduce bullying," said lead author Elizabeth Levy Paluck, associate professor of psychology and public affairs at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.

"You can target specific people in a savvy way in order to spread the message,” she said. “These people – the social referents you should target – get noticed more by their peers. Their behavior serves as a signal to what is normal and desirable in the community, and there are many ways to figure out who those people are and work with them to inspire positive change."
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A significant number of students – about 22 percent of those ages 12 to 18 – report being bullied, the most recent data from the Department of Education show.

Despite a surge in policy and research attention to conflict and bullying among adolescents, there is little evidence to suggest that current interventions reduce school conflict, the researchers argued. But encouraging a small set of students to take a public stance against bullying can have a significant impact.


[ALSO: Trinity College President Talks Race, Relevancy of Liberal Arts]

The study also provides an important look at the influence of social networks at schools, and the students identified by researchers shared some important characteristics. Many had an older sibling, were in dating relationships and received compliments from peers on the house in which they lived.

"This cluster of characteristics suggests that these students are hooked into more mature social patterns in their lives and at schools," Paluck said. "Earlier dating is one indicator, and an older sibling suggests they have more exposure to older students with a more mature vocabulary, perhaps making them savvier communicators. Receiving compliments on their house was a way for us to evaluate their socioeconomic background."